Introduction
Step-by-step analysis of biological data
Types of biological variables
Probability
Basic concepts of hypothesis testing
Confounding variables
Independence
Normality
Data transformations
See the Handbook for information on these topics.
Homoscedasticity and heteroscedasticity
Bartlett’s test is performed with the bartlett.test function. Levene's test can be invoked with the leveneTest function in the car package. This test can also be used for a model with two independent variables. They are used in the chapter on One-way anova.